２０００国际贸易术语解释通则－中英文对照

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:14:00

各位朋友，本人通过收集＜＜２０００国际贸易术语解释通则＞＞的中文和英文资料，并对其进行了整合．现与大家一起分享，希望此资料能多初入外贸的朋友在理论上有所帮助！！！
　EXW
工厂交货…
（指定地点）
________________________________________
"工厂交货（……指定地点）"是指当卖方在其所在地或其他指定的地点（如工场、工厂或仓库）将货物交给买方处置时，即完成交货，卖方不办理出口清关手续或将货物装上任何运输工具。
该术语是卖方承当责任最小的术语。买方必须承当在卖方所在地受领货物的全部费用和风险。
但是，若双方希望在起运时卖方负责装载货物并承当装载货物的全部费用和风险时，则须在销售合同中明确写明。在买方不能直接或间接的办理出口手续时，不应使用该术语，而应使用FCA，如果卖方同意装载货物并承当费用和风险的话。
A　卖方义务
B　买方义务
A1　提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1　支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2　许可证、其他许可和手续
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，在需要办理海关手续时，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得为货物出口所需的出口许可证或其他官方许可。
B2　许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口和进口许可证或其他官方许可，在需要办理海关手续时，并办理货物出口的一切海关手续。
A3　运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3　运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同　　
无义务。
b）保险合同　　
无义务。
A4　交货
卖方必须按照合同约定的日期或期限，或如果未约定日期或期限，按照交付此类货物的惯常时间，在指定的地点将未置于任何运输车辆上的货物交给买方处置。若在指定的地点内未约定具体交货点，或有若干个交货点可使用，则卖方可在交货地点中选择最适合其目的的交货点。
B4　受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4和A7/B7规定交货时受领货物。
A5　风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。
B5　风险转移
买方必须按照下述规定承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险：自按照A4规定交货之时起；及由于买方未能按照B7规定通知卖方，则自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6　费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须负担与货物有关的一切费用，直到已经按照A4规定交货为止。
B6　费用划分
买方必须支付
•       自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
•       在货物交给买方处置而买方未受领货物或未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知而发生的任何额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及办理海关手续的费用。
买方必须偿付卖方按照A2规定给予协助时所发生的一切费用。
A7　通知买方
卖方必须给予买方有关货物将于何时何地交给买方处置的充分通知。
B7　通知卖方
一旦买方有权确定在约定的期限内受领货物的具体时间和/或地点时，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。
A8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
无义务。
B8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须向卖方提供已受领货物的适当凭证。
A9　查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为了将货物交给买方处置所需进行的查对费用（如查对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用提供按照卖方在订立合同前已知的有关该货物运输（如运输方式、目的地）所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所指货物通常无需包装）。包装应作适当标记。
B9　货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，包括出口国有关当局强制进行的检验。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助其取得由交货地国和/或原产地国所签发或传送的为买方出口和/或进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需要的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因取得A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息而发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方给予协助时所发生的费用。
EXW
EX WORKS
(... named place)
“Ex works" means that the seller delivers when he places the goods at the dis¬posal of the buyer at the seller' s premises or another named place ( i. e. wa&s, factory, warehouse, etc. ) not cleared for export and not loaded on any collecting vehicle.
This term thus represents the minimum obligation for the seller, and tile buyer has to bear all costs and risks involved m taking the goods from the seller's premises.
However, if the parties wish the seller to be responsible for the loading of the goods on departure and to bear the risks and all the costs of such loading, this should be made clear by adding explicit wording to this effect in the contract of sale1. This term should not be used when the buyer cannot carry out the export formalities directly or indirectly. In such circumstances, the FCA term should be used, provided the seller agrees that he will load at his cost and risk.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity, which may be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The seller must render the buyer, at the latter's request, risk and ex¬pense, every, assistance in obtaining, where applicable2, any export license or other official authorization necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licenses, authorizations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any export and import license or other official authorization and carry out, where applicable3 all customs formalities for die export of the goods.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage No obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance No obligation5.
B3 Contracts Of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage No obligation6.
b) Contract of insurance No obligation7.
A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the named place of delivery, not loaded on any collecting vehicle, on the date or within the period agreed or, if no such time is agreed, at the usual tiny, for delivery of such goods. If no specific point has been agreed within the named place, and if there are several points available, the seller may se¬lect the point at the place of delivery which best suits his purpose.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods where they have been delivered in accordance. with A4 and A7/B7.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in ac¬cordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
•       from the time, they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
•       from the agreed date or the expiry date of any period fixed for taking delivery which arise because he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods has been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B6 Division of costs
•       The buyer must pay
•       all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered m accordance with A4; and
•       any additional costs incurred by failing either to take delivery of the goods when they have been placed at his disposal, or to give appropri¬ate notice in accordance with B7 provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
•       where applicable8 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of can" out customs formalities payable upon export.
The buyer must reimburse all costs and charges incurred by the seller in rendering assistance in accordance with A2.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice as to when and where the goods will be placed at his disposal.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time within an agreed period and/or the place of taking delivery, give the seller suffi¬cient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic messages
No obligation9
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic messages
The buyer must provide the seller with appropriate evidence of having tak¬en delivery.
A9 Checking –packing–marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of placing the goods at the buyer's disposal.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to make the pods of the contract description avail¬able unpacked) which is required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the circumstances relating to the transport (for example modal¬ities, destination) are made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre shipment inspection, including inspection mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and ex¬pense, every assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent elec¬tronic messages issued or transmitted in the country of delivery and/or of origin which the buyer may require for the export and/or import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary in¬formation for procuring insurance.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and char" incurred m obtaining the docu¬ments or equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.
　
续－－－

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:20:00

FCA 　
货交承运人
（……指定地点）
________________________________________
　
“货交承运人（……指定地点）”是指卖方只要将货物在指定的地点交给买方指定的承运人，并办理了出口清关手续，即完成交货。需要说明的是，交货地点的选择对于在该地点装货和卸货的义务会产生影响。若卖方在其所在地交货，则卖方应负责装货，若卖方在任何其他地点交货，卖方不负责卸货。
该术语可用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。
“承运人”指任何人在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运输的联合方式履行运输或由他人履行运输。
若买方指定承运人以外的人领取货物，则当卖方将货物交给此人时，即视为已履行了交货义务。
A　卖方义务
B　买方义务
A1　提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1　支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2　许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自当风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物出口所需要的一切海关手续。
B2　许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物进口和从他国过境的一切海关手续。
A3　运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同　　
无义务。但若买方要求，或者如果是商业惯例而买方未适时给予卖方相反指示，则卖方可按照通常条件订立运输合同，费用和风险由买方承当。在任何一种情况下，卖方都可以拒绝订立此合同；如果拒绝，则应立即通知买方。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3　运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同
买方必须自付费用订立自指定的地点运输货物的合同，卖方按照A3a）订立了运输合同时除外。
b）保险合同　　
无义务。
A4　交货
卖方必须在指定的交货地点，在约定的交货日期或期限内，将货物交付给买方指定的承运人或其他人，或由卖方按照A3a）选定的承运人或其他人。
交货在以下时候完成：
a）若指定的地点是卖方所在地，则当货物被装上买方指定的承运人或代表买方的其他人提供的运输工具时；
b）若指定的地点不是a）而是其他任何地点，则当货物在卖方的运输工具上，尚未卸货而交给买方指定的承运人或其他人或由卖方按照A3a）选定的承运人或其他人的处置时。
若在指定的地点没有决定具体交货点，且有几个具体交货点可供选择时，卖方可以在指定的地点选择最适合其目的的交货点。
若买方没有明确指示，则卖方可以根据运输方式和/或货物的数量和/或性质将货物交付运输。
B4　受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时，受领货物。
A5　风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。
B5　风险转移
买方必须按照下述规定承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险：
•自按照A4规定交货之时起；及
•由于买方未能按照A4规定指定承运人或其他人，或其指定的承运人或其他人未在约定时间接管货物，或买方未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知，则自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6　费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
•与货物有关的一切费用，直至已按照A4规定交货为止；及
•在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口应办理的海关手续费用及出口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用。
B6　费用划分
买方必须支付
•自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
•由于买方未能按照A4规定指定承运人或其他人、或由于买方指定的人未在约定的时间内接管货物、或由于买方未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知而发生的任何额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
• 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及办理海关手续的费用及从他国过境的费用。
A7　通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交付给承运人的充分通知。若在约定时间承运人未按照规定接收货物，则卖方必须相应地通知买方。
B7　通知卖方
买方必须就按照A4规定指定的人的名称给予卖方充分通知，并根据需要指明运输方式和向该指定的人交货的日期或期限，以及依情况在指定的地点内的具体交货点。
A8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自担费用向买方提供证明按照A4规定交货的通常单据。
除非前项所述单据是运输单据，否则，应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以取得有关运输合同的运输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据、空运单、铁路托运单、公路托运单或多式联运单据）。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以使用有同等作用的电子数据交换（EDI）讯息所代替。
B8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的交货凭证。
A9　查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为了按照A4交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用提供按照卖方在订立销售合同前已知的有关该货物运输（如运输方式、目的地）所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所述货物通常无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9　货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地国和/或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需要的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因取得A10所述单据或电子讯息而发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方按照该款给予协助以及按照A3a)订立运输合同所发生的费用。
当买方按照A3a）规定要求卖方协助订立运输合同时，买方必须给予卖方相应的指示。

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:21:00

FCA
FREE CARRIER
(... named place)
"Free Carrier" means that the seller delivers the goods, cleared for export, to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place. It should be noted that the chosen place of delivery has an impact on the obligations of loading and unloading the goods at that place. If delivery occurs at the seller's premises, the seller is responsible for loading. If delivery occurs at any other place, the seller is not responsible for unloading.
term may he used irrespective of the mode of transport, including multimodal transport.
"Carrier" means any person who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform orto procure the performance of transport by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes.
If the buyer nominates a person other than a carrier to receive the goods, the seller is deemed to have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they me delivered to that person.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of price
The buyer must pay the price as provided m the contract of sale.
A2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable1, all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation3. However, if requested by the buyer or if it is Commercial practice and the buyer does not give an instruction to the contrary in due time, the seller may contract for carriage on usual terms at the buyer's risk and expense. In either case, the seller may decline to make the con tract and, if he does, shall Promptly notify the buyer accordingly.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation4
B3 Contracts  of carriage and insurance
a)    Contract of carriage
The buyer must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods from the named place, except when the contract of carriage, is made by the seller as provided for in A3 a).
b)    Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer, or chosen by the seller in accordance with A3 a), at the named place on the date or within the period agreed for delivery.
Delivery is completed,
a) If the named place is the seller's premises, when the goods have been loaded on the means of transport provided by the carrier nominated by the buyer or another person acting on his behalf.
b) If the named place is anywhere other than a), when the goods are placed at the disposal of' the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer, or chosen by the seller in accordance with A3 a) on the seller's means of transport not unloaded.
If no specific point has been agreed within the named place, and if there are several points available, the seller may select the point at the place of delivery which best suits his purpose.
Failing precise instructions from the buyer, the seller may deliver the goods for carnage m such a manner as the transport mode and/or the quantity and/or nature of the goods may require.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss ofor damage to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
•       from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
•       from die agreed date or the expiry date of any agreed period for delivery which arise either because he fails to nominate the carrier or another person in accordance with A4, or because the carrier or the party nominated by the buyer fails to take the goods into his charge at the agreed time, or because the buyer fails to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to tile provisions of B6, pay
•all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
•where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges payable  upon export.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
•all costs relating  to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4;and
•any additional costs incurred, either because he fails to nominate the carrier or another person in accordance with A4 or because the party nominated by the buyer fails to take the goods into his charge at the agreed time, or because he has failed to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
where applicable7, all duties, taxes and other charges well as die costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of die goods and for their transit through any country.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4, Should the carrier fail to take delivery in accordance with A4 at the time agreed, the seller must notify the buyer accordingly.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must give the seller sufficient notice of the name of the party designated in A4 mid, where necessary . specify the. mode of transport, as well as the date or period for delivering the goods to him and, as the case may be, the point within the place where the goods should be. delivered to that party.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense.with  the usual proof of delivery, of the goods in accordance with A4.
Unless the document referred to in the preceding paragraph is the transport document, the seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining a transport document for the contract of carriage (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non  negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document, an air waybill, a railway consignment note, a road consignment note, or a multimodal transport document).
When the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred to in the preceding paragraph may he replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (ED1) message.
B8    Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent       electronic message
The buyer must accept the proof of delivery in accordance with A8.
A9    Checking –packing-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to send the goods of the contract description unpacked) which is required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the circumstances relating to the transport (for example modalities, destination) are made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to he marked appropriately.
B9    Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre shipment inspection except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter' s request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of delivery and/or of origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, Upon request,with the necessary information for procuring insurance.
B10 other obligations.
The buyer must, pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith and in contracting for carriage in accordance with A3 a) .
The buyer must give the seller appropriate instructions whenever the seller’sassistance in contracting for carriage is required in accordance with A3 a).

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:32:00

FAS
船边交货
（……指定装运港）　
________________________________________
　
“船边交货（……指定装运港）”是指卖方在指定的装运港将货物交到船边，即完成交货。买方必须承担自那时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
FAS术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。
这一点与以前版本的内容相反，以前版本要求买方安排办理出口手续。
但是，如当事方希望买方办理出口手续，需要在销售合同中明确写明。
该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。
A　卖方义务
B　买方义务
A1　提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1　支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2　许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续。
B2　许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物进口和从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
A3　运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3　运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同　　
买方必须自付费用订立自指定的装运港运输货物的合同。
b）保险合同　　
无义务。
A4　交货
卖方必须在买方指定的装运港，在买方指定的装货地点，在约定的日期或期限内，按照该港习惯方式将货物交至买方指定的船边。
B4　受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物。
A5　风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已按照A4规定交货为止。
B5　风险转移
买方必须按照下述规定承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险：
•       自按照A4规定交货时起；及
•       由于买方未按照B7规定通知卖方，或其指定的船只未按时到达，或未接收货物，或较按照B7通知的时间提早停止装货，则自约定的交货日期或期限届满时起，但以该项货物已划拨到合同项下，即明确保留或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6　费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
•       与货物有关的一切费用，直至已按照A4规定交货为止；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口应办理的海关手续费用及应缴纳的关税、税款和其他费用。
B6　费用划分
买方必须支付
•       按照A4规定交货时与货物有关的一切费用；及
•       由于买方指定的船只未按时到达，或未装载上述货物或较按照B7通知的时间提早停止装货，或由于买方未按照B7规定给予卖方相应的通知而发生的任何额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续的费用，以及从他国过境的费用。
A7　通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已交至指定的船边的充分通知。
B7　通知卖方
买方必须给予卖方有关船名、装船点和要求交货时间的充分通知。
A8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用向买方提供证明按照A4规定交货的通常单据。
除非前项所述单据是运输单据，否则，应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以取得运输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据）。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以使用有同等作用的电子数据交换（EDI）讯息代替。
B8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的交货凭证。
A9　查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供按照卖方订立销售合同前已知的有关该货物运输（如运输方式、目的港）所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所述货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9　货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地国和/或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的或从他国过境所需的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方因给予协助而发生的费用。
续－－－

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:35:00

FAS
FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP
(…named port of shipment)
“Free Alongside Ship" means that the seller delivers when the goods are placed alongside the vessel at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that moment.
The FAS term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
THIS IS A REVERSAL FROM PREVIOUS INCOTERMS VERSIONS WHICH REQUIRED THE BUYER TO ARRANGE FOR EXPORT CLEARANCE.
However, if the parties wish the buyer to clear the goods for export, this should be made clear by adding explicit wording to this effect in the contract of sale1.
This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may he required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must Pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licences, authorisations and. formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable3 , all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
NO obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The buyer must contract at his own expense for the carriage of  the goods
from the named port of shipment.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation6.
A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods alongside the vessel nominated by the    buyer at the loading place named by the buyer at the named port of shipment on the date or within the agreed period and in the manner customary at the port.
b4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered m accordance with A4.
A5  Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in ac¬cordance with A4.
B5  Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
from the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery which arise because he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, or because the vessel nominated by him fails to arrive on time, or is able to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the time notified in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
•       all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
•       where applicable7,the costs of customs formalities as well as all duties, taxes, and other charges payable upon export.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
•       all costs relating to the goods form the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
•       any additional costs incurred, either because the vessel nominated by  him has failed to arrive on time, or is unable to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the lime notified in accordance with B7, Or because the buyer has failed to give appropriate notice in accor¬dance with B7 provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
•       where applicable8, all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A7  Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have
delivered alongside the nominated vessel.
B7  Notice to the seller
The buyer must give the seller sufficient notice of the vessel name, load¬ing point and required delivery time.
A8  Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent    electronic message
The Seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense with the proof of delivery of the goods in accordance with A4.
Unless the document referred to in the preceding paragraph is the transport document, the seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining a transport document (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non - negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document).
When the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred to in the preceding paragraphs may he replaced by, an equivalent electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the proof of delivery in accordance with A8.
A9 Checking-packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations ( such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to ship the goods of the contract description packed) which is required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the circumstances relating to the transport (for example modalities, destination) are made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre - shipment inspection, except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must provide the buyer, at the latter’s request,risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages(other than those mentioned in A8)issued or transmitted in the country of shipment and/or of origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and,where necessary, for their transit through any country.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:39:00

FOB　
船上交货
（……指定装运港）　
________________________________________
“船上交货（……指定装运港）”是当货物在指定的装运港越过船舷，卖方即完成交货。这意味着买方必须从该点起承当货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。FOB术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关手续。
该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。如当事各方无意越过船舷交货，则应使用FCA术语。　
A　卖方义务
B　买方义务
A1　提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1　支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2　许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物出口货物所需的一切海关手续。
B2　许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物进口和在必要时从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
A3　运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3　运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
买方必须自付费用订立从指定的装运港运输货物的合同。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4　交货
卖方必须在约定的日期或期限内，在指定的装运港，按照该港习惯方式，将货物交至买方指定的船只上。
B4　受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物。
A5　风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至货物在指定的装运港越过船舷为止。
B5　风险转移
买方必须按照下述规定承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险：
•       货物在指定的装运港越过船舷时起；及
•       于买方未按照B7规定通知卖方，或其指定的船只未按时到达，或未接收货物，或较按照B7通知的时间提早停止装货，则自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6　费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
•       货物有关的一切费用，直至货物在指定的装运港越过船舷时为止；及
•       需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用及出口时应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用。
B6　费用划分
买方必须支付
•       货物在指定的装运港越过船舷之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
•       于买方指定的船只未按时到达，或未接收上述货物，或较按照B7通知的时间提早停止装货，或买方未能按照B7规定给予卖方相应的通知而发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限；及
•       需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续的费用，以及货物从他国过境的费用。
A7　通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交货的充分通知。
B7　通知卖方
买方必须给予卖方有关船名、装船点和要求交货时间的充分通知。
A8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用向买方提供证明货物已按照A4规定交货的通常单据。
除非前项所述单据是运输单据，否则应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以取得有关运输合同的运输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据或多式联运单据）。如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换（EDI）讯息代替。
B8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的交货凭证。
A9　查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供按照卖方订立销售合同前已知的该货物运输（如运输方式、目的港）所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例，合同所述货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9　货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助其取得由装运地国和/或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方因给予协助而发生的费用。
续－－－

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:39:00

FREE ON BOARD
(... named port of shipment)
“Free on Board" means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship's rail at the named port of shipment. This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point. The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export. This term can be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ship's rail, the FCA term should he used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity winch may be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable1 , all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities for the import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country .
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a)    Contract of carriage
No obligation3
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation 4 .
B3 Contract of carriage and insurance
a)    Contract of carriage
The buyer must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the goods from the named port of shipment.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation.5
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods on the date or within the agreed period at the named port of shipment and in the manner customary at the port on board the vessel nominated by the buyer.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
A5 Transfer of  risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until such time as they have passed the ship's rail at the named port of shipment.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods
from the time they have passed the ship's rail at the named port of shipment; and
frorn the agreed date or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery which arise because he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, or because the vessel nominated by him flails to arrive on time, or is unable to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the time notified in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6    Division of  costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have passed the ship's rail at the named port of shipment; and
where applicable6 , the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
all costs relating to the goods from the time they have passed the ship' s rail at the named port of shipment; and
any additional costs incurred, either because the vessel nominated by him fails to arrive on time, or is unable to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the time notified in accordance with B7, or because the buyer has failed to give appropriate notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
where applicable7,all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B7 Notice to the buyer
The buyer must give the seller sufficient notice of the vessel name, loading point and required delivery time.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense with the usual proof of delivery in accordance with A4.
Unless the document referred to in the preceding paragraph is the transport document, the seller must render the buyer, at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining a transport document for the contract of carriage (for example, a negotiable bill of lading, a non -negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document, or a multimodal transport document) .
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred to in the preceding paragraph may be replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the proof of delivery in accordance with A8.
A9 Checking - packaging - marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations ( such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to ship the goods of the contract description unpacked) which is required for the transport of the goods, to the extent that the circumstances relating to the transport (for example modalities, destination) are made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre - shipment inspection except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Otber obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than those mentioned  in A8) issued or transmitted m the country of shipment and/or of originwhich the buyer may require for the import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring insurance.
B10 Other obligation
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:41:00

CFR
成本加运费
（……指定目的港）　
________________________________________
“成本加运费（……指定目的港）”，是指在装运港货物越过船舷卖方即完成交货，卖方必须支付将货物运至指定的目的港所需的运费和费用。但交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险，以及由于各种事件造成的任何额外费用，即由卖方转移到买方。
CFR术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。
该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。如当事各方无意越过船舷交货，则应使用CPT术语。
A　卖方义务
B　买方义务
A1　提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1　支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2　许可证、其他许可和手续
　卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物出口货物所需的一切海关手续。
B2　许可证、其他许可和手续
方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物进口及从他国过境的一切海关手续。
A3　运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
卖方必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合同，经由惯常航线，将货物用通常可供运输合同所指货物类型的海轮（或依情况适合内河运输的船只）运输至指定的目的港。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3　运输合同与保险合同
）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4　交货
方必须在装运港，在约定的日期或期限内，将货物交至船上。
B4　受领货物
方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物，并在指定的目的港从承运人收受货物。
A5　风险转移
B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至货物在装运港越过船舷为止。
B5　风险转移
买方必须承担货物在装运港越过船舷之后灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，买方必须从约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6　费用划分
B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
•       货物有关的一切费用，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止；及
•       按照A3a）规定所发生的运费和其他一切费用，包括货物的装船费和根据运输合同由卖方支付的、在约定卸货港的任何卸货费；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用及出口时应缴纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及如果根据运输合同规定，由卖方支付的货物从他国过境的费用。
B6　费用划分
A3a）规定外，买方必须支付
•       自按照A4规定交货时起的一切费用；及
•       货物在运输途中直至到达目的港为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
•       包括驳运费和码头费在内的卸货费，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
•       如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物所发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续的费用，以及需要时从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。
A7　通知买方
方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交货的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以便买方能够为受领货物采取通常必要的措施。
B7　通知卖方
旦买方有权决定装运货物的时间和/或目的港，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。
A8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
方必须自付费用，毫不迟延地向买方提供表明载往约定目的港的通常运输单据。
单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单或内河运输单据）必须载明合同货物，其日期应在约定的装运期内，使买方得以在目的港向承运人提取货物，并除非另有约定，应使买方得以通过转让单据（可转让提单）或通过通知承运人，向其后手买方出售在途货物。
如此运输单据有数份正本，则应向买方提供全套正本。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换（EDI）讯息代替。
B8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
方必须接受按照A8规定提供的运输单据，如果该单据符合合同规定的话。
A9　查对、包装、标记
方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。
方必须自付费用提供符合其安排的运输所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例该合同所描述货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9　货物检验
方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地国和/或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方因给予协助而发生的费用。

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:42:00

CFR
COST AND FREIGHT
( ... named port of destinaion)
“Cost and Freight means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship' s rail in the port of shipment.
The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the paned port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery, we transferred from the seller to the buyer.
The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
This term can he used only for sea and inland waterway transport. If the parties do not intend to deliver the goods across the ship's rail, the CPT term should be used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods  in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may he required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
]be seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable1, all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licences, authorisations am formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable2, A customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the goods to the named port of destination by the usual route in a seagoing vessel (or inland waterway vessel as the case may be) of the type normally used for the ~port of goods of the contract description.
h) Contract of insurance
No obligation 3.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a)    Contract of carriage
No obligation4.
b)    Contract of insurance
No obligation5 .
A4    Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods on board the vessel at the port of shipment on the date or within the agreed period.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must accept delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4 and receive them from the earner at the named port of destination.
A5 Transfer Of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until such time as they have passed the ship's rail at the port of shipment.
B5 Transfer Of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have passed the ship's rail at the port of shipment.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risksof loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for shipment provided, however, that the goods that the goodshave been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
•       all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4;
•       the freight and all other costs resulting from A3 a) , including the costs of loading the goods on board and any charges for unloading at the agreed port of discharge which were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; arid, where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export, and for their transit through any country if they were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3 a), pay
•       all costs relating to the 90OCIS from the tune they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
•       all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their arrival at the Port of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
•       unloading costs including lighterage and wharfage charges, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
•       all additional costs incurred if he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, for the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for shipment, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
•       where applicable7 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs Of carrying Out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country less included within the cost of the contract of damage.
A7 Notice the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4 as well as any other notice required in order to allow the buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to enable him to take the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time for shipping the goods and/or the port of destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof  of delivery, transport document or equivalent  electronic message
The seller must at his own expense provide the buyer without delay with the usual transport document for the agreed port of destination.
This document (for example a negotiable bill of lading,a non-negotiable sea waybill Or an inland waterway document) must cover the contract goods, be dated within the period agreed for shipment, enable the buyer to claim the goods from the carrier at the port of destination and, unless otherwise agreed, enable the buyer to sell the goods in transit by the transfer of the document to a subsequent buyer (the negotiable bill of lading) or by notification to the carrier.
When such a transport document is issued in several originals, a full set of originals must be presented to the buyer.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred to in the preceding paragraphs may he replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document in accordance with A8 if it is in conformity with the contract.
A9 Checking-packing-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to ship the goods of the contract description packed) which is required for the transport of the goods arranged by him. Packaging is to he marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre shipment inspection except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter' s request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of shipment and/or of origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring insurance.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or equivalent electronic message mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:43:00

CIF
成本、保险费加运费
（……指定目的港）
________________________________________
　
“成本、保险费加运费”是指在装运港当货物越过船舷时卖方即完成交货。
卖方必须支付将货物运至指定的目的港所需的运费和费用，但交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险及由于各种事件造成的任何额外费用即由卖方转移到买方。但是，在CIF条件下，卖方还必须办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的海运保险。
因此，由卖方订立保险合同并支付保险费。买方应注意到，CIF术语只要求卖方投保最低限度的保险险别。如买方需要更高的保险险别，则需要与卖方明确地达成协议，或者自行作出额外的保险安排。
CIF术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关手续。
该术语仅适用于海运和内河运输。若当事方无意越过船舷交货则应使用CIP术语。　
A　卖方义务
B　买方义务
A1　提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1　支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2　许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物出口货物所需的一切海关手续。
B2　许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物进口及从他国过境的一切海关手续。
A3　运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
卖方必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合同，经由惯常航线，将货物用通常可供运输合同所指货物类型的海轮（或依情况适合内河运输的船只）装运至指定的目的港。
b）保险合同
卖方必须按照合同规定，自付费用取得货物保险，并向买方提供保险单或其他保险证据，以使买方或任何其他对货物具有保险利益的人有权直接向保险人索赔。保险合同应与信誉良好的保险人或保险公司订立，在无相反明确协议时，应按照《协会货物保险条款》（伦敦保险人协会）或其他类似条款中的最低保险险别投保。保险期限应按照B5和B4规定。应买方要求，并由买方负担费用，卖方应加投战争、罢工、暴乱和民变险，如果能投保的话。最低保险金额应包括合同规定价款另加10%（即110%），并应采用合同货币。
B3　运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4　交货
卖方必须在装运港，在约定的日期或期限内，将货物交至船上。
B4　受领货物
买方必须在卖方已按照A4规定交货时受领货物，并在指定的目的港从承运人处收受货物。
A5　风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至货物在装运港越过船舷为止。
B5　风险转移
买方必须承担货物在装运港越过船舷之后灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，买方必须从约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6　费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
•       与货物有关的一切费用，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止；及
•       按照A3a）规定所发生的运费和其他一切费用，包括货物的装船费；及
•       按照A3b）规定所发生的保险费用；及
•       根据运输合同由卖方支付的、在约定卸货港的任何卸货费用；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用及出口时应缴纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及根据运输合同规定由卖方支付的货物从他国过境的费用。
B6　费用划分
除A3a)规定外，买方必须支付
•       自按照A4规定交货时起的一切费用；及
•       货物在运输途中直至到达目的港为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
•       包括驳运费和码头费在内的卸货费，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
•       如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物所发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续的费用，以及需要时从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。
A7　通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交货的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以便买方能够为受领货物采取通常必要的措施。
B7　通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定装运货物的时间和/或目的港，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。
A8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用，毫不迟延地向买方提供表明载往约定目的港的通常运输单据。
此单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单或内河运输单据）必须载明合同货物，其日期应在约定的装运期内，使买方得以在目的港向承运人提取货物，并且，除非另有约定，应使买方得以通过转让单据（可转让提单）或通过通知承运人，向其后手买方出售在途货物。
如此运输单据有数份正本，则应向买方提供全套正本。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换（EDI）讯息代替。
B8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的运输单据，如果该单据符合合同规定的话。
A9　查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供符合其安排的运输所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例该合同所描述货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9　货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地国和/或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供额外投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方因给予协助而发生的费用。
应卖方要求，买方必须向其提供投保所需的信息

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 15:47:00

CIF
COST, INSURANCE AND FREIGHT
(... named port of destination)
“Cost, Insurance and Freight" means that the seller delivers when the goods pass  the ship's rail in the port of shipment.
The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the pods to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery, are transferred from the seller to the buyer. However, in CIF the seller also has to procure marine insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.
Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. The buyer should note that under the CIF term the seller is required to obligation insurance only on minimum cover1. Should the buyer wish to have the protection of greater cover, he would either need to agree as such expressly with the seller or to make his own extra insurance arrangements.
The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
This term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport. If the parties intend to deliver the goods across the ship's rail, the CIP term should be used.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods In conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which may be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licences, authorisation and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicalbe2, all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licences, authorisation and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable3 , all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts  of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the goods to the named port of destination by the usual route in a seagoing vessel (or inland waterway vessel as the case may be) of the type normally used for the transport of goods of the contract description.
b) Contract of insurance
The seller must obtain at his own expense cargo insurance as agreed in the contract, such dud the buyer, or any other person having an insurable interest in the goods, shallbe entitled to claim directly from the insurer and provide the buyer with the insurance policy or other evidence of insurance cover.
The insurance shall be contracted with underwriters or an insurance company of good repute and, failing express agreement to the contrary, be m accordance with minimum cover of the Institute Cargo Clauses (Institute of London Underwriters) or any similar set of clauses. The duration of insurance cover shall, be in accordance with B5 and B4. When required by the buyer, the seller shall. provide at the buyer's expense war, strikes, riots and civil commotion risk insurances if procurable. The minimum insurance shall, cover the price provided in the contract plus ten per cent (i.e. 110%) and shall he provided in the currency of the contract.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a)    Contract of carriage
No obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods on board the vessel at the port of shipment on the date or within the agreed period.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must accept delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordancewith A4 and receive than from the carrier at the trans port of destination.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of/ or damage to thegoods until such tune as they have passed the ship's rail at  the port of shipment.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have passed the ship' s rail at the port of shipment .
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for shipment provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
•       all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
•       the freight and all other costs resulting from A3 a) , including the costs, of loading the goods on board;
•       and the costs of insurance resulting from A3 b); and
•       any charges for unloading at the agreed port of discharge which were for the seller's account under the contract Of carriage; and
•       where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export, and for their transit through any country if they were for the seller' s account under the contract of carriage.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3, pay
•       all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
•       all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their arrival at the port of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
•       unloading costs includinglighterage and wharfage charges, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
•       all additional costs incurred if he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, for the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for shipment, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
•       where applicable7 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as die costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country less included within the cost of the contract of carriage.
A7             Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4 as well as any other notice required in order to allow the buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to enable him to take the goods.
B7          Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time for shipping the goods and/or the port of destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must, at his own expense, provide the buyer without delay withthe usual transport document for the agreed port of destination.
This document (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non-negotiable sea waybill or an inland waterway document) must cover the contract goods, bedated within the period agreed for shipment, enable the buyer to claim the goods from the carrier at the port of destination and, unless otherwise agreed, enable the buyer to sell the goods in transit by the transfer of the document to a subsequent buyer (the negotiable bill of lading) or by notification to the carrier.
When such a transport document is issued in several originals, a full set of originals must be presented to the buyer.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred to in the preceding paragraphs may he replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent       electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document in accordance with A8 if it is in conformity with the contract.
A9 Checking-packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to ship the goods of the contract description packed) which is required for the transport of the goods arranged by him. Packaging is to he marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre-shipment inspection except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance m obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of shipment and/or of origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring any additional insurance.
B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.
The buyer must provide the seller, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring insurance.

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 17:07:00

CPT
运费付至
（……指定目的地）
“运费付至（……指定地点）”是指卖方向其指定的承运人交货，但卖方还必须支付将货物运至目的地的运费。亦即买方承担交货之后一切风险和其他费用。
“承运人”是指任何人，在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运输的联合方式履行运输或由他人履行运输。如果还使用接运的承运人将货物运至约定目的地，则风险自货物交给第一承运人时转移。
CPT术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。
该术语可适用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。
A　卖方义务
B　买方义务
A1　提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息。以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1　支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2　许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物出口货物所需的一切海关手续。
B2　许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时，办理货物进口及从他国过境的一切海关手续。
A3 　运输合同和保险合同
a）运输合同
卖方必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合同，依通常路线及习惯方式，将货物运至指定的目的地的约定点。如未约定或按照惯例也无法确定具体交货点，则卖方可在指定的目的地选择最适合其目的的交货点。
b）保险合同
无义务。
B3　运输合同与保险合同
a）运输合同
无义务。
b）保险合同
无义务。
A4　交货
卖方必须向按照A3规定订立合同的承运人交货，或如还有接运的承运人时，则向第一承运人交货，以使货物在约定的日期或期限内运至指定的目的地的约定点。
B4　受领货物
买方必须在卖方已按照A4规定交货时受领货物，并在指定的目的地从承运人处收受货物。
A5　风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已按照A4规定交货为止。
B5　风险转移
买方必须承当按照A4规定交货时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。
如买方未能按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则买方必须从约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6　费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
•       直至按照A4规定交货之时与货物有关的一切费用，以及按照A3a）规定所发生的运费和其他一切费用，包括根据运输合同规定由卖方支付的装货费和在目的地的卸货费；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用及出口时应缴纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及根据运输合同规定，由卖方支付的货物从他国过境的费用。
B6　费用划分
除A3a）规定外，买方必须支付
•       自按照A4规定交货时起的一切费用；及
•       货物在运输途中直至到达目的地为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
•       卸货费，除非根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
•       如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物所发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续的费用，以及从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。
A7　通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交货的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以便买方能够为受领货物采取通常必要的措施。
B7　通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定发送货物的时间和/或目的地，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。
A8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用（如果习惯如此的话）向买方提供按照A3订立的运输合同所涉的通常运输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据、空运货运单、铁路运单、公路运单或多式联运单据）。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换（EDI）讯息代替。
B8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的运输单据，如果该单据符合合同规定的话。
A9　查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供符合其安排的运输所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例该合同所描述货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9　货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验的费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10 其他义务
应买方要求并由其承当风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地国和/或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物可能要求的和必要时从他国过境所需的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
应买方要求，卖方必须向买方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方因给予协助而发生的费用。
续－－－

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 17:08:00

CPT
Carriage Paid To
(...named place of destination)
"carriage paid to ..." means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by him, but the seller must in addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. This means that the buyer bears aft risks and any other costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered.
"Carrier"means, who, in a contract of carriage,undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of transport, by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes. If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination, the risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier.
The CPT term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport including multimodal transport .
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any Other evidence of conformity which may be required by the contract.
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided m the contract of sale.
A2 Licences, authorisation and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable1, all customs formalities necessary for the transit of the goods.
B2 Licences, authorisation and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable2 , all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the goods to the agreed point at the named place of destination by a usual route and in a customary manner. If a point is not agreed or is not determined by practice, the seller may select the point at the named place of destination which best suits his purpose.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation3.
B3 contracts of carriage and insurance
   a) Contract of carriage
   No obligation4.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods to the carrier contracted m accordance with A3 or, if there are subsequent carriers to the first carrier, for transport to the agreed point at the named place on the date or within the agreed period.
The buyer must accept delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4 and receive them from the carrier at the named place.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must accept delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4 and receive them from the carrier at named place.
A5 Transfer of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks of the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for delivery provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
•       all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4 as well as the freight and all other costs  resulting from A3 a), including the costs of loading the goods and any charges for unloading at the place of destination which were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
•       where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes or other charges payable upon export, and for their transit through any country if they were for the seller' s account under the contract of carriage.
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3 a), pay
•             all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in    accordance with A4; and
•             all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their    arrival at the agreed place of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
•             unloading costs unless such costs and charges were for the seller's ac    count under the contract of carriage; and
•             all additional costs incurred if he fails to give notice in accordance with    B7, for the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for dispatch, provided, however, that the goods have been duly    appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
•             where applicable7 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the    costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the    goods and for their transit through any country unless included within the cost of the contract of carriage.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4 as well as any other notice required in order to allow the buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to enable him to take the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time for dispatching the goods and/or the destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense, if customary, with the usual transport document or documents (for example a negotiable bill. of lading, a non - negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document, an air waybill, a railway consignment note, a road consignment note, or a multimodal transport document) for the transport contracted in accordance with A3.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred to in the preceding paragraph may be replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document in accordance with A8 if it is in conformity with the contract.
A9 Checking-packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations ( such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to send the goods of the contract description unpacked) which is required for the transport of the goods arranged by him. Packaging is to be marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre - shipment inspection except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
      The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than those mentioned in A8) issued or transmitted in the country of dispatch and/or of origin which the buyer my require for the import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring insurance.
B10       Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the documents or equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 17:18:00

CIP
运费和保险费付至
（……指定目的地）
________________________________________
　
“运费和保险费付至（……指定目的地）”是指卖方向其指定的承运人交货，但卖方还必须支付将货物运至目的地的运费，亦即买方承担卖方交货之后的一切风险和额外费用。但是，按照CIP术语，卖方还必须办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的保险。
因此，由卖方订立保险合同并支付保险费。
买方应注意到，CIP术语只要求卖方投保最低限度的保险险别。如买方需要更高的保险险别，则需要与卖方明确地达成协议，或者自行作出额外的保险安排。
“承运人”指任何人在运输合同中，承诺通过铁路、公路、空运、海运、内河运输或上述运输的联合方式履行运输或由他人履行运输。
如果还使用接运的承运人将货物运至约定目的地，则风险自货物交给第一承运人时转移。
CIP术语要求卖方办理出口清关手续。
该术语可适用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。
A　卖方义务
B　买方义务
A1　提供符合合同规定的货物
卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票或有同等作用的电子讯息，以及合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。
B1　支付价款
买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。
A2　许可证、其他许可和手续
卖方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何出口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续。
B2　许可证、其他许可和手续
买方必须自担风险和费用，取得任何进口许可证或其他官方许可，并在需要办理海关手续时办理货物进口和从他国过境所需的一切海关手续。
A3　运输合同和保险合同
a)运输合同
卖方必须必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合同，依通常路线及习惯方式，将货物运至指定的目的地的约定点。若未约定或按照惯例也不能确定具体交货点，则卖方可在指定的目的地选择最适合其目的的交货点。
b)保险合同
卖方必须按照合同规定，自付费用取得货物保险，并向买方提供保险单或其他保险证据，以使买方或任何其他对货物具有保险利益的人有权直接向保险人索赔。保险合同应与信誉良好的保险人或保险公司订立，在无相反明示协议时，应按照《协会货物保险条款》（伦敦保险人协会）或其他类似条款中的最佳限度保险险别投保。保险期限应按照B5和B4规定。应买方要求，并由买方负担费用，卖方应加投战争、罢工、暴乱和民变险，如果能投保的话。最低保险金额应包括合同规定价款另加10%（即110%），并应采用合同货币。
B3　运输合同和保险合同
a)运输合同
无义务。
b)保险合同
无义务。
A4　交货
卖方必须在约定日期或期限内向按照A3规定订立合同的承运人交货，或如有接运的承运人时，向第一承运人交货，以使货物运至指定的目的地的约定点。
B4　受领货物
买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时受领货物，并在指定的目的地从承运人处收受货物。
A5　风险转移
除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。
B5　风险转移
买方必须承担按照A4规定交货后货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。买方如未按照B7规定通知卖方，则必须从约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起，承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限。
A6　费用划分
除B6规定者外，卖方必须支付
•       与货物有关的工切费用，直至已经按照A4规定交货为止，以及按照A3a)规定所发生的运费和其他一切费用，包括装船费和根据运输合同应由卖方支付的在目的地的卸货费；及
•       按照A3b)发生的保险费用；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口需要办理的海关手续费用，以及货物出口时应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及根据运输合同由卖方支付的货物从他国过境的费用。
B6　费用划分
除A3规定者外，买方必须支付
•       自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用；及
•       货物在运输途中直至到达约定目的地为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
•       卸货费，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及
•       如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物所发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限；及
•       在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续的费用，以及从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。
A7　通知买方
卖方必须给予买方说明货物已按照A4规定交货的充分通知，以及要求的任何其他通知，以便买方能够为受领货物而采取通常必要的措施。
B7　通知卖方
一旦买方有权决定发运货物的时间和／或目的地，买方必须就此给予卖方充分通知。
A8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
卖方必须自付费用（如果习惯如此的话）向买方提供按照A3订立的运输合同所涉及的通常运输单据（如可转让提单、不可转让海运单、内河运输单据、空运货运单、铁路运单、公路运单或多式联运单据）。
如买卖双方约定使用电子方式通讯，则前项所述单据可以由具有同等作用的电子数据交换(EDI)讯息代替。
B8　交货凭证、运输单据或有同等作用的电子讯息
买方必须接受按照A8规定提供的运输单据，如果该单据符合合同规定的话。
A9　查对、包装、标记
卖方必须支付为按照A4规定交货所需进行的查对费用（如核对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用）。
卖方必须自付费用，提供符合其安排的运输所要求的包装（除非按照相关行业惯例该合同所描述的货物无需包装发运）。包装应作适当标记。
B9　货物检验
买方必须支付任何装运前检验费用，但出口国有关当局强制进行的检验除外。
A10　其他义务
应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方一切协助，以帮助买方取得由装运地国和／或原产地国所签发或传送的、为买方进口货物以能要求的和从他国过境所需的任何单据或有同等作用的电子讯息（A8所列的除外）。
B10　其他义务
买方必须支付因获取A10所述单据或有同等作用的电子讯息所发生的一切费用，并偿付卖方因给予协助而发生费用。
应卖方要求，买方必须向卖方提供办理投保所需用的信息
续－－－

lzg0820 · 发表于 2007-1-14 17:24:00

CIP
CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO
( ... named place of destination)
“Carriage and Insurance paid to...” means that the seller delivers the goods the carrier nominated by him but the seller must m addition pay the cost of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named destination. This means that the buyer bears all risks and any additional costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered. However, in CIP the seller also has to procure insurance against the buyer's risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.
Consequently, the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium.
The buyer should note that under the CIP term the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover1. Should the buyer wish to have the protection of greater cover, he would either need to agree as such expressly with the seller or to make his own extra insurance arrangements.
"Carrier" means any person who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform or to procure the performance of transport, by rail, road, air, sea, inland waterway or by a combination of such modes.
If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination, the risk
passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier.
The CIP term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.
This term may he used irrespective of the mode of transport including multimodal transport.
ＡTHE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS
ＢTHE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS
A1 Provision of goods in Conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity which my he required by the contract.
Bl Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
A2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable2, all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.
B2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import licence or other official authorisation and carry out, where applicable3, an customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their transiit through any country.
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
The seller must contract on usual terms at his own expense for the carriage of the goods to the agreed point at the named place of destination by a usual route and in a customary manner. If a point is not agreed or is not determined by practice, the seller may select the point at the named place of destination which best suits his purpose.
b) Contract of insurance
The seller must obtain at his own expense cargo insurance as agreed in the contract, such that the buyer, or any other person having an insurable interest m the goods, shall be entitled to claim directly from the insurer and provide the buyer with the insurance policy or other evidence of insurance cover.
The insurance shall be contracted with underwriters or an insurance company of good repute and, failing express agreement to the contrary, he in accordance with minimum cover of the Institute Cargo Clauses (Institute of London Underwriters) or any similar set of clauses. The duration of insurance cover shall he in accordance with B5 and B4. When required by the buyer, the seller shall provide. at the buyer's expense war, strikes, riots and civil commotion risk insurances if procurable. The minimum insurance shall cover the price provided in the contract plus ten per cent (i.e.110% ) and shall be provided in the currency of the contract.
B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
NO obligation4 .
h) Contract of insurance
No obligation5.
A4 Delivery
The seller must deliver the goods to the carrier contracted in accordance with A3 or, if there are subsequent carriers to the first carrier, for transport to the agreed point at the named place on the date or within the agreed period.
B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must accept delivery, of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4 and receive them from the carrier at the named place.
A5 Trander of risks
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of 1oss of or damage to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
B5  Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods hum the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7, bear all risks of the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for delivery Provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods.
A6  Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
•       all costs relating to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance with A4 as well as the height and all other costs resulting from A3 a), including the costs of loading the goods and any charges for unloading at the place of destination which were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
•       the costs of insurance resulting from A3 b) ; and
•       where applicable6, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes or other charges payable upon export, and for their transit through any country if they were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage.
B6  Division of costs
The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3 a), pay
•       all costs relating to the goods horn the tune they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and
•       all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their arrival at the agreed place of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
•       unloading costs unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and
•       all additional costs incurred if he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, for the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for dispatch, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
•       where applicable7 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as the costs of carrying out custom formalities payable upon import of the goods and for their transit through any country unless included within the cost of the contract of carriage.
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice that the goods have been
delivered in accordance with A4 as well as any other notice re~ in order to allow the buyer to take measures which are normally necessary to
enable him to take the goods.
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the the time for dispatching the goods and/or the destination, give the seller sufficient notice thereof.
A8 Proof of delivery,transport document or equivalent electronic message
The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense, if customary,
with the usual transport document or documents (for example a negotiable bill of lading, a non-negotiable sea waybill, an inland waterway document, an air waybill, a railway consignment note, a road consignment note, or a multimodal transport document) for the transport contracted in accordance with A3.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate electronically, the document referred to in the preceding paragraph may be replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
B8  Proof of delivey, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document in accordance with A8 if it is in conformity with the contract.
A9 Checking-packaging-marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is usual for the particular trade to send the goods of the contract description unpacked) which is required for the transport of the good Packaging is to he marked appropriately.
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre shipment inspection except when such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of export.
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, every assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent electronic messages (other than those mentioned in A8)issued or transmitted in the country of dispatch and/or of origin which the buyer may require for the import of the goods and for their transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring any additional insurance.
B10 Other obligation
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred m obtaining the documents or equivalent electronic message mentioned in A10 and reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in accordance therewith.
The buyer must provide the seller, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring insurance.

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